Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019de ad\u0131na sure ge\u00e7en ve peygamber olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan Lokman (a.s), bir\u00e7ok m\u00fcfessire g\u00f6re aslen Sudanl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130mam Suyut\u00ee, \u201cEd Durru\u2019l-Mensur\u201d adl\u0131 tefsirinde, siyah\u00ee olan Lokman\u2019\u0131n (a.s) Sudan\u2019\u0131n se\u00e7kinlerinden oldu\u011funu, k\u0131sa boylu, bas\u0131k burunlu, kal\u0131n dudakl\u0131 ve d\u00fcztabanl\u0131 oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkent Hartum\u2019a de\u011fil de Darfur b\u00f6lgesine gitti\u011finizde \u201cHikmet\u201d kavram\u0131 s\u0131k s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kelimelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. B\u00f6lgedeki m\u00fclteci kamplar\u0131n\u0131 gezerken halk bize kabile lideri ya da \u015feyhini se\u00e7erken \u00f6zellikle \u201chikmet\u201d vasf\u0131n\u0131 haiz insanlar\u0131 se\u00e7tiklerini ifade ediyor. Hikmet sahibi olmayan bir ki\u015finin lider olmas\u0131 da zormu\u015f…<\/p>\n
Sudan, Lokman\u2019\u0131n (as) diyar\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7ok say\u0131da kadim medeniyeti ba\u011fr\u0131nda bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir \u00fclke. Afrika\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerine yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Nil Nehri\u2019nin \u00fclkeyi ba\u015ftanba\u015fa ge\u00e7mesi ve K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz sahilindeki limanlar\u0131 sebebiyle Sudan, tarih boyunca kara k\u0131tan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli jeo-politik merkezi olmu\u015ftur. Arkeologlara g\u00f6re, Sudan\u2019\u0131n kuzeyindeki \u00e7\u00f6ller sadece Afrika\u2019n\u0131n de\u011fil d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck uygarl\u0131klar\u0131ndan bir ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011fr\u0131nda bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Ku\u015fi (Meroe) ve Punt krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 bug\u00fcn bilinen en \u00f6nemlileri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ku\u015fi (Meroe) kavminin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 N\u00fcbye b\u00f6lgesi \u00fclkenin bilinen en eski uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n be\u015fi\u011fidir. Bug\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6l olan bu krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeri, bir zamanlar ye\u015fillikleri, fildi\u015fi, koku ve alt\u0131n topraklar\u0131 ile tan\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Fakat gelin g\u00f6r\u00fcn ki bug\u00fcn bu medeniyetten koca bir \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda, M\u0131s\u0131r piramitlerinden \u00f6nce yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen s\u0131rlarla dolu 200 kadar piramit kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu antik \u015fehrin piramitleri de hazine pe\u015finde ko\u015fan Bat\u0131l\u0131 gezginler ve arkeologlar taraf\u0131ndan tahrip edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Sadece ge\u00e7mi\u015fte de\u011fil asr\u0131m\u0131zda da \u00f6nem verilen \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen Sudan, Afrika\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7lerine inmek isteyen t\u00fcm s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilerin u\u011frak yeri oldu. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130ngilizler buray\u0131 i\u015fgal etti. \u0130ngilizlerin Sudan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgali bug\u00fcn \u201cter\u00f6rizmle sava\u015f\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan kirli sava\u015f\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc de ortaya koyuyor. Bat\u0131 emperyalizmi tarih boyunca kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 direnen t\u00fcm halklar\u0131 hep barbar olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Onlar\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131mdan ge\u00e7irmekten bir an i\u00e7in olsun imtina etmedi. \u00dcstelik as\u0131rlard\u0131r bu soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yaparken hep ayn\u0131 kavram\u0131 kullanmaktan \u00e7ekinmiyor: \u201cmedeniyet sava\u015f\u0131\u201d. Bat\u0131, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fe ve emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 4 as\u0131rd\u0131r hep \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 tehdit olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bug\u00fcn kullan\u0131lan deme\u00e7ler ise t\u0131pk\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fin bir izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc\u2026<\/p>\n
\u0130ngilizlerin eski devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Winston Churchill, bir as\u0131r \u00f6nce Sudan\u2019\u0131n Omdurman b\u00f6lgesinde \u0130ngiliz ordusunda hem asker hem de gazeteci olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131. 1898\u2019deki Omdurman Muharebesi\u2019nde, \u0130ngiliz ordusunun Mehdi devletine kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenledi\u011fi sald\u0131r\u0131ya i\u015ftirak etti. \u0130ngilizler bu sava\u015fta ilk kez geli\u015ftirdikleri \u201cMaxim\u201d marka makineli t\u00fcfekleri gaddarca kulland\u0131. Sudan\u2019\u0131n tarihi kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu sava\u015fta Mehdi hareketine ba\u011fl\u0131 27 bin dervi\u015f \u015fehit edildi.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiliz Times gazetesi yazarlar\u0131ndan Ben Macintyre, \u201cHow would Churchill have answered the Islamist threat?\u201d (Churchill \u0130slami Tehdide Nas\u0131l Cevap verdi?) adl\u0131 makalesinde, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci \u0130ngilizlerin 1898\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Omdurman katliam\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcn Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6zde \u201cter\u00f6rizmle sava\u015fa\u201d nas\u0131l y\u00f6n vermesi gerekti\u011fine dair dersler veriyor. Macintyre, Churchill\u2019in yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u201cIn The River War\u201d (Nehir Sava\u015f\u0131) isimli kitapta, ter\u00f6rizmin do\u011fas\u0131, \u0130slami fanatizm ve medeniyetler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n cevaplar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu kaydediyor. Muhammedizmin militan bir inan\u00e7 oldu\u011funu kitab\u0131nda ileri s\u00fcren Churchill, Sudan\u2019daki Omdurman Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n barbarl\u0131k ve medeniyet aras\u0131nda bir sava\u015f oldu\u011funu iddia etmi\u015fti. Churchill kitab\u0131nda \u015fu ifadelere yer veriyor: \u201cNil, k\u00f6kleri Merkezi Afrika\u2019da, \u2018Victoria, Albert ve Keoga g\u00f6llerinde\u2019, uzun g\u00f6vdesi M\u0131s\u0131r ve Sudan\u2019da ve dallar\u0131 Kuzey M\u0131s\u0131r deltas\u0131nda olan dev bir palmiye a\u011fac\u0131na benzemektedir. K\u00f6kler kesilecek olursa dallar kuruyacak ve a\u011fac\u0131n g\u00f6vde k\u0131sm\u0131 da \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp gidecektir.\u201d<\/p>\n
Ellili y\u0131llardan sonra \u0130srail \u201cKutsal Nil\u201de \u00f6nem vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130srail, Tevrat\u2019taki \u201cO g\u00fcn Rab Abramla ahdedip dedi: M\u0131s\u0131r Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0131rma\u011fa, F\u0131rat Irma\u011f\u0131\u2019na kadar, bu diyar\u0131 senin z\u00fcrriyetine verdim.\u201d (Tekvin B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, 15\/18) ifadesinden Allah\u2019\u0131n Nil ile F\u0131rat aras\u0131ndaki topraklar\u0131n kendi topraklar\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 iddia ederler. Hatta \u0130srail bayra\u011f\u0131ndaki beyaz zemin \u00fczerindeki iki mavi ku\u015fak Nil ve F\u0131rat Nehirlerini temsil eder. \u0130srail\u2019in ilk ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Ben Gurion da \u0130srail halk\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir konu\u015fmas\u0131nda, \u201cYahudi halk\u0131n\u0131n, gen\u00e7lerimizin ve yeti\u015fkinlerimizin yerine getirmesi gereken bir ba\u015fka haritas\u0131 vard\u0131r: Nil\u2019den F\u0131rat\u2019a kadar\u201d demi\u015fti. H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda Nil ve F\u0131rat havzas\u0131 etraf\u0131ndaki \u00fclkelerde \u0130srail\u2019in y\u0131llard\u0131r yapmak istedikleri \u00e7ok ayan beyan ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra son y\u0131llarda Sudan\u2019da bulunan zengin petrol rezervleri, Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fclkeye olan i\u015ftah\u0131n\u0131 daha da kabartt\u0131. Siyah alt\u0131n 2,5 milyon metrekare toprak alan\u0131 ile Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fclkesinin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 daha da a\u011fr\u0131taca\u011fa benziyor. 300\u2019den fazla kabilenin bulundu\u011fu ve 100\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde dilin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu Sudan\u2019da, G\u00fcney ve Darfur problemi en \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. G\u00fcney\u2019deki H\u0131ristiyan gruplar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetle anla\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda ancak y\u00fczde y\u00fcz\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan Darfurlular\u0131n y\u00f6netimle sorunlar\u0131 devam ediyor.<\/p>\n
Bir zamanlar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olan Darfur Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bug\u00fcn 6 milyon n\u00fcfusa sahip. B\u00f6lgeyi i\u015fgal eden \u0130ngilizler Darfur\u2019u 1916 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sudan\u2019a ba\u011flad\u0131. 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda patlak veren Darfur olaylar\u0131nda on binlerce ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fc, milyonlarca insan m\u00fclteci durumuna d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Darfur\u2019da g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz manzara hakikaten b\u00fcy\u00fck bir katliam\u0131n oldu\u011funu bize g\u00f6steriyordu. Uluslararas\u0131 Ceza Mahkemesi\u2019nin (UCM) devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6mer el Be\u015fir hakk\u0131nda tutuklama karar\u0131 bulunuyor. UCM\u2019nin karar\u0131 \u00e7ifte standartl\u0131kla su\u00e7layabiliriz lakin Darfur\u2019da i\u015flenen katliam\u0131n hesab\u0131n\u0131n birilerinden sorulmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Yoksa \u00d6mer el Be\u015fir ba\u015fka \u00fclkeleri ziyaret edemeyecek ve Sudan \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin e\u015fi\u011fine s\u00fcr\u00fcklenecek.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019de ad\u0131na sure ge\u00e7en ve peygamber olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan Lokman (a.s), bir\u00e7ok m\u00fcfessire g\u00f6re aslen Sudanl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130mam Suyut\u00ee, \u201cEd […]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":96,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,11],"tags":[31,30],"class_list":["post-95","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hariciyye","category-yazilar","tag-darfur","tag-sudan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":97,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95\/revisions\/97"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=95"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=95"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}