2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Suriye\u2019de rejime kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flayan halk ayaklanmas\u0131, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve rejimin sert m\u00fcdahaleleriyle \u00fclke adeta bir kan g\u00f6l\u00fcne d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Rejim, \u201cE\u011fer Esad yoksa, \u00fclkeyi yakar\u0131z\u201d stratejisiyle hareket ederek, hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda varil bombalar\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015f, \u015fehirleri ku\u015fatm\u0131\u015f, mezhepsel ve toplumsal temelli katliamlara imza atm\u0131\u015f ve milyonlar\u0131 yerinden etmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7 ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerin engellenmesi gibi politikalarla Suriye\u2019yi ya\u015fanmaz bir hale getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel ve b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin m\u00fcdahaleleri ise Suriye\u2019yi derinle\u015fen bir kaosun i\u00e7ine s\u00fcr\u00fcklemi\u015ftir. Tarihe bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, modern d\u00f6nem ve Emeviler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Suriye\u2019nin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlet olarak varl\u0131k g\u00f6steremedi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. B\u00f6lge, tarih boyunca b\u00fcy\u00fck imparatorluklar\u0131n \u00e7eki\u015fme alan\u0131 olmu\u015f, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu topraklarda imzalanan tarihin ilk uluslararas\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131 olan Kade\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 (M\u00d6 1269), Hititler ve M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadelenin bir uzla\u015fmas\u0131 olarak, Suriye\u2019nin bu kaderini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir.<\/p>\n
Suriye muhalefeti, siyasal ve silahl\u0131 kanatlar olarak iki ana yap\u0131ya b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Siyasal kanat, Suriye Ulusal Koalisyonu ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda birle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Koalisyonun ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Hadi Bahra y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken, Suriye Ge\u00e7ici H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131nda Abdurrahman Mustafa bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak koalisyonun i\u00e7indeki \u00e7e\u015fitli fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, muhalefetin birlikteli\u011fini zaman zaman zora sokmu\u015ftur. Buna ra\u011fmen, \u00f6zellikle Suriye\u2019nin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konusunda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uzla\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sahadaki silahl\u0131 kanat ise daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Suriye Milli Ordusu (SMO), muhalefetin silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinde merkezi bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak HT\u015e (Heyet Tahrir e\u015f-\u015eam) gibi daha ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gruplar, bazen SMO ile i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket ederken, bazen kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z g\u00fcndemlerini takip etmi\u015flerdir. \u0130dlib merkezli Cey\u015fu\u2019l Muhacirun, Ensaru\u2019l \u0130slam ve T\u00fcrkistan \u0130slam Partisi gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctler de bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma sahnesinin \u00f6nemli akt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Suriye Ulusal Konseyi’nin eski ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Fransa’da Sorbonne \u00dcniversitesinde siyaset bilimi hocas\u0131 olan \u00fcnl\u00fc Suriyeli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Prof. Dr. Burhan Galyun, son geli\u015fmelerle ilgili yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama \u015fu \u00f6nemli tespitlerde bulundu; \u201cSuriye\u2019de ya\u015fananlarla ilgili \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken en \u00f6nemli \u015fey, Suriyelilerin muhalif g\u00fc\u00e7leri birer kurtar\u0131c\u0131 olarak kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, rejimin sonunu en samimi \u015fekilde ortaya koyan bir referandumdur. Bu, uzun zamand\u0131r beklenen tarih\u00ee bir devrim ve yabanc\u0131 devletlerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n, toplumlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretti\u011fi korkakl\u0131k, al\u00e7akl\u0131k, bencillik ve vicdans\u0131zl\u0131kla birle\u015fti\u011fi barbar bir zorbal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz kaderidir.\u201d<\/p>\n
Suriye\u2019deki muhalefetin ge\u00e7mi\u015fte en b\u00fcy\u00fck darbeyi, DAE\u015e adl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Ter\u00f6r eylemleriyle geni\u015f bir alan\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na alan \u00f6rg\u00fct, hem \u0130slam\u2019a hem de M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar vermi\u015ftir. Bat\u0131l\u0131 stratejilere hizmet etti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere ra\u011fmen, DAE\u015e\u2019in 2019\u2019da Suriye\u2019deki topraklar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn tamamen etkisiz hale geldi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez; DAE\u015e h\u00e2l\u00e2 Suriye ve Irak\u2019ta yeralt\u0131nda faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n
Son d\u00f6nemde, \u00f6zellikle 29 Kas\u0131m\u2019dan itibaren Suriye\u2019de ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcndeminin \u00fcst s\u0131ralar\u0131na yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. HT\u015e ve SMO\u2019nun ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 operasyonlar, rejim kuvvetlerini geri \u00e7ekilmeye zorlam\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye destekli SMO g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc YPG\u2019nin elindeki b\u00f6lgelerde ilerlemesiyle yeni bir denge kurulmu\u015ftur. Tel R\u0131fat\u2019\u0131 alan SMO\u2019nun M\u00fcnbi\u00e7 gibi stratejik alan\u0131 da kontrol alt\u0131na almas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131n\u0131r g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir kazan\u0131m olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te dikkatli bir denge politikas\u0131 izlemektedir. Ancak ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz aylarda Esad rejimiyle bar\u0131\u015fma tekliflerinin, gerek Esad gerekse Rusya nezdinde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, F\u0131rat\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki YPG varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sona erdirmeye y\u00f6nelik ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ise b\u00f6lge a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belirleyici olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Suriye\u2019deki krizin daha geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lgesel perspektifi de bulunmaktad\u0131r. K\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin, Esad rejimini sona erdirme ve \u015eii Hilali\u2019ni engelleme \u00e7abalar\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki etkisini s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Hizbullah\u2019\u0131n L\u00fcbnan\u2019daki zay\u0131flayan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n olas\u0131 geri \u00e7ekilme senaryolar\u0131, Suriye\u2019deki sava\u015f\u0131n gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Has\u0131l-\u0131 Kel\u00e2m, Suriye\u2019de y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcren bu sava\u015f\u0131n sona ermesi ve b\u00f6lgenin yeniden huzura kavu\u015fmas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca Suriye halk\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgenin ortak temennisidir. Esad rejiminin \u00fclkenin tapulu mal\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamas\u0131 ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n, S\u00fcnni co\u011frafyalarda y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 politikalar\u0131n\u0131 terk etmesi, bu co\u011frafyada bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n yeniden tesis edilmesi i\u00e7in bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 olabilir. T\u00fcrkiye, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te b\u00f6lge halklar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yer alarak, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131nda kritik bir rol oynamal\u0131d\u0131r. Art\u0131k bu kadim co\u011frafyan\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n, kan ve g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131ndan ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir gelece\u011fe ad\u0131m atma zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Kaynak:<\/strong> \u0130stiklal Gazetesi, ilk yay\u0131mlanma tarihi: 04 Aral\u0131k 2024<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Suriye\u2019de rejime kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flayan halk ayaklanmas\u0131, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve rejimin sert m\u00fcdahaleleriyle \u00fclke adeta bir […]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":800,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[799,793,794,802,797,800,43,795,796,801,798],"class_list":["post-799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-siyasetname","tag-burhan-galyun","tag-esad-rejimi","tag-hts","tag-kades-antlasmasi","tag-munbic","tag-sii-hilali","tag-suriye","tag-suriye-milli-ordusu-smo","tag-tel-rifat","tag-turkiye-suriye-iliskileri","tag-ypg"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/799","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=799"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/799\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":802,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/799\/revisions\/802"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/800"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=799"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=799"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=799"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}