Yeni e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada ba\u015flad\u0131. Her y\u0131l oldu\u011fu gibi bu y\u0131l da uzmanlar, d\u00fcnyada ve \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda e\u011fitimin durumunu ve gen\u00e7 neslin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ancak ele al\u0131nan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda uzmanlar pek de i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 bir gelecekten bahsetmiyor. \u0130leti\u015fim ve internet \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ile birlikte gen\u00e7 neslin \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde dengesini kaybetti\u011fi \u00fczerinde duruluyor. Hatta baz\u0131 yazarlar, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarihte e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f, kitlesel bir yozla\u015fma s\u00fcreciyle y\u00fcz y\u00fcze oldu\u011funu vurguluyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130lim adamlar\u0131, bunun \u00f6n\u00fc al\u0131nmaz ise, gittik\u00e7e yaln\u0131zla\u015fan, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bencil\/narsist, zevkperest\/hedonist, gelecek kayg\u0131s\u0131 olan, hayali bir iyimserli\u011fe sahip, \u00f6fke ve nefret dolu bir insanl\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 belirtiyor. D\u00fcnyada ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck ahl\u00e2ki buhran\u0131n ileriki y\u0131llarda \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n olaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eden uzmanlar, intihar, \u015fiddet, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme, endi\u015fe, depresyon, ruh\u00ee ve bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n gen\u00e7 nesil aras\u0131nda daha da yayg\u0131nla\u015faca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n
Teknolojideki h\u0131zl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimin beraberinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011fi\u015fimi de getirdi\u011fini ve bunun \u201cDijital bir nesil\u201d do\u011furdu\u011funu ifade eden uzmanlar, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u201cK\u00fcresel bir A\u00e7\u0131khava T\u0131marhanesi\u201dne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor. \u0130lim adamlar\u0131 sonu\u00e7 olarak, kurtulu\u015fun s\u00fck\u00fbnet, sevgi, payla\u015fma ve merhamet kavramlar\u0131nda yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor.<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi yeni durumla ba\u015f etmeden \u00f6nce, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bu hale nas\u0131l geldi\u011fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir beyin jimnasti\u011fi yapmam\u0131z icap ediyor.<\/p>\n
Epistemolojisini, ontolojisini ve axiolojisini yitiren yeni neslin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zihinsel felcin asl\u0131nda, as\u0131rlard\u0131r devam ede gelen bir hastal\u0131ktan sonra olu\u015ftu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek gerekiyor. Bunda e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131m\u0131zdaki taklit\u00e7ili\u011fin, yamac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve liyakatsiz ilim ehlinin b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131 bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe do\u011fru bir okuma yapar isek, filvaki, 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fin Afrika ve Hint alt k\u0131tas\u0131na yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ile M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar e\u011fitim tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131 ve 4 as\u0131rd\u0131r bu sorunun ekseninde m\u00fcnazaralar\u0131m\u0131z devam ediyor. Bilhassa, 1798\u2019de Napolyon\u2019un M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesi ve kadim el-Ezher \u00fcniversitesi \u00fczerinde Fransa\u2019n\u0131n etkisinin artmas\u0131yla, \u0130slam \u00e2leminin genelinde medreselerdeki e\u011fitim sistemi masaya yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fta M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 Rifat Tahtavi, Tunuslu Hayrettin Pa\u015fa, Hindistanl\u0131 Sir Seyyid Ahmed Han ve Afganistanl\u0131 Cemalettin Afgan\u00ee olmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler medreselerin \u0131slah edilmesi gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde seslerini y\u00fckseltti. II. Mahmud ve II. Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde eski medreselerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yeni mektepler in\u015fa edildi. Hindistan\u2019da \u015eah Veliyullah Dehlevi\u2019nin takip\u00e7isi olan \u00e2lim \u015eibli Numan\u00ee \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde eski ve yeni e\u011fitim sistemini mezceden medreseler kuruldu.<\/p>\n
O d\u00f6nemde medreselerin durumuna bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda hakikaten vahim bir durumda olduklar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahede ederiz. T\u00fcm \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi Hilafetin merkezi \u0130stanbul\u2019da da medreseler ciddi tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Sebil\u00fc\u2019r-Re\u015fad ve S\u0131rat-\u0131 M\u00fcstakim dergilerinin sayfalar\u0131 medreselerin \u0131slah\u0131 konusu gibi bug\u00fcn bile bize \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutacak tart\u0131\u015fmalarla dolu. \u00d6zellikle Sebil\u00fc\u2019r-Re\u015fad\u2019da \u201cMedrese Talebelerinde Hareket-i Fikriye\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda ele al\u0131nan yaz\u0131larda, medrese mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n yeniliklere a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Mustafa Hakk\u0131, \u201cIsl\u00e2h\u0131 Med\u00e2ris ve Esb\u00e2b\u0131 \u0130nhitat\u0131m\u0131z\u201d ve \u00d6mer Fuad \u201cMedreseler\u201d adl\u0131 makalelerinde medreselerdeki e\u011fitime \u015fu ele\u015ftiriyi getirmi\u015flerdir: \u201cBu kadar sene Arap\u00e7a okuyoruz, fakat iki kelimeyi bir araya getirip s\u00f6yleyemiyoruz. Zaten hocalar\u0131m\u0131z da buna muktedir de\u011fildir. \u0130c\u00e2zet alan bir talebe, e\u011fer haf\u0131z de\u011filse, harekesiz Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131, Hadisleri do\u011fru okuyamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, manas\u0131n\u0131 da anlayam\u0131yor. Buna mukabil bari din ilimlerine vukufumuz olsa. Art\u0131k bu hal devam etmeyecektir.\u201d<\/p>\n
Tanzimat ile birlikte yeni a\u00e7\u0131lan okullar\u0131n siyasilerin g\u00f6z\u00fcnde daha de\u011ferli hale gelmesi ile medreselerin k\u0131ymetten ve ra\u011fbetten nas\u0131l d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fini yazan M. Salih Vecdi ise \u201cMedreselerin Av\u00e2mil-i \u0130nhit\u00e2t\u0131ndan: Ra\u011fbetsizlik\u201d adl\u0131 makalesinde \u015fu yorumda bulunur: \u201cMedreselerin gerileme sebeplerinden biri de buralara ra\u011fbetsizliktir, medreselerin ge\u00e7mi\u015f devirlerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda olduk\u00e7a ra\u011fbet g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r, bu sayede medreseler terakki ve tek\u00e2m\u00fcl etmi\u015flerdir, bu sebeple \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00c2lemi ba\u015ftan ba\u015fa irfan kitlesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n
1892 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya ziyarette bulunan \u015eibli Numan\u00ee, \u201cAnadolu, Suriye ve M\u0131s\u0131r Seyahatnamesi\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, \u0130stanbul\u2019daki eski medreseler \u00fczerinde geni\u015f bir bi\u00e7imde durur ve i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 vahim duruma at\u0131fta bulunur. Felsefe ve mant\u0131k derslerinin azl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, hadis kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n okutulmamas\u0131na, edebiyat ve us\u00fbl derslerinin k\u00e2fi derecede verilmedi\u011fine i\u015faret eden Numan\u00ee s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle bitirir: \u201c\u015e\u00fcphesiz F\u0131k\u0131h dersine hayli ilgi g\u00f6sterilmekte amma bunun e\u011fitimi de m\u00fc\u00e7tehit\u00e7e bir tarzda de\u011fil, aksine son derece \u00e2miy\u00e2ne ve sadece onlara uyum g\u00f6sterir tarzda yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 hocalarla oturup g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerim oldu. Onlar \u00f6yle basit ve genel halk seviyesindeki meseleler \u00fczerinden konu\u015fmalar yap\u0131yorlard\u0131 ki, bunlar\u0131 dinledik\u00e7e hem hayret ediyordum, hem de derinden \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc duyuyordum.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte, bu hazin durum sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilemedi. Fransa\u2019da ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019de e\u011fitim g\u00f6ren M\u00fcsl\u00fcman gen\u00e7ler hem Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na neden oldu, hem de \u0130slam \u00e2leminin milliyet\u00e7ilik ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bat\u0131dan getirdikleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler ile zehirlenmesine sebep oldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Yeni e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim y\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada ba\u015flad\u0131. Her y\u0131l oldu\u011fu gibi bu y\u0131l da uzmanlar, d\u00fcnyada ve \u0130slam […]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":72,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fikriyyat","category-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":73,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71\/revisions\/73"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}