Yahudilik, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k ve \u0130slam taraf\u0131ndan kutsal say\u0131lan Kud\u00fcs, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ilahi dinlerden vecihler ta\u015f\u0131r. Kud\u00fcs, Davud (a.s.) d\u00f6neminde ba\u015fkent ilan edildi; o\u011flu S\u00fcleyman (a.s.) d\u00f6neminde ise en ihti\u015faml\u0131 d\u00f6nemini ya\u015fad\u0131. Tarihi \u00f6nemi ve mistik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc ile Kud\u00fcs, bir\u00e7ok kez kadim Fars ve M\u0131s\u0131r medeniyetlerinin i\u015fgaline u\u011frad\u0131. Bu i\u015fgallerden en tahripkar\u0131 Babil kral\u0131 Buhtunnas\u0131r’\u0131n (\u0130.\u00d6.) 586 y\u0131l\u0131nda buraya d\u00fczenledi\u011fi sald\u0131r\u0131 idi. Buhtunnas\u0131r’\u0131n burada yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliam ve k\u0131y\u0131m tarih kitaplar\u0131nda geni\u015f yer ayr\u0131lan en kanl\u0131 olaylardan biri oldu. Ayr\u0131ca Hz. \u0130sa (a.s.) d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bu en g\u00fczide kutsi yerinde d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6zlerini a\u00e7t\u0131 ve yine bu kentte Roma’n\u0131n iftiralar\u0131na ve i\u015fkencelerine maruz kald\u0131. Daha sonra H\u0131ristiyan Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ve k\u0131smen bir ara Fars \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun eline ge\u00e7en Kud\u00fcs, Hz. \u00d6mer (r.a.) d\u00f6neminde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarca fethedildi.<\/p>\n
H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc almak i\u00e7in buraya sekiz Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi d\u00fczenledi. 1099 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu kutsal kente giren Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordular\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fledikleri k\u0131y\u0131m, Buhtunnas\u0131r’\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliam ve vah\u015feti unutturdu. Bu olaylardan b\u00fcy\u00fck ders alan da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k durumdaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar, Selahaddin Eyyubi komutas\u0131nda bir araya gelerek 1187’de \u015fehri tekrar geri ald\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylece \u015fehir, Hz. \u00d6mer d\u00f6neminde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc adil idari yap\u0131ya bir daha kavu\u015ftu. Eyyubiler ve Memlukler d\u00f6neminde \u015fehirde, Harem-i \u015eerif olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan b\u00f6lge onar\u0131ld\u0131 ve minareler ile s\u00fcslendi.<\/p>\n
1517-1917 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 hakimiyeti alt\u0131nda olan Kud\u00fcs, yine tarihte e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir adil idare ve huzur ortam\u0131na kavu\u015ftu. Bu d\u00f6nemde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ait kutsal yerler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere H\u0131ristiyanlara ve Yahudilere ait mekanlar dahi ciddi bir restorasyondan ge\u00e7ti. Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc Kud\u00fcs yapan e\u015fsiz surlar ve kap\u0131lar bu devirde Mimar Sinan ekol\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edildi. Baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7ilerin ve \u0130srailiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi surlar S\u00fcleyman Peygamber d\u00f6nemine de\u011fil, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle bizzat Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman devrine, Mimar Sinan ekol\u00fcne aittir.<\/p>\n
Kud\u00fcs sorunu II. Abd\u00fclhamit devrinde birden bire yine d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndeminin birinci s\u0131ras\u0131na oturdu. ?Yahudi Devleti? kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 ve Siyonizmin fikir babas\u0131 Theodor Herzl Bat\u0131’n\u0131n da deste\u011fiyle, Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc almak i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131’ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli desiselere ba\u015fvuruyordu. 1897 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Basel Kongresi’nde Siyonistler Filistin’e Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne izin vermeyen II. Abd\u00fclhamit’in mutlaka d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesine karar verdi. Daha sonra Fransa ve \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan Balfour Deklarasyonu ile Filistin, 11 Aral\u0131k 1917 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngilizlerin eline ge\u00e7ti. \u0130ngilizler ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 1948 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar b\u00f6lgede Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n izlerini silmek i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerindeki Yahudileri, Siyonistlerin planlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ad\u0131m ad\u0131m buraya g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirdi. Bir anda Filistin’in demografik yap\u0131s\u0131 alt \u00fcst oldu. Bu d\u00f6nemde hem \u0130ngilizlere hem de Siyonist Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli m\u00fccadeleyi, \u00c7anakkale’de sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan bir Osmanl\u0131 beyefendisi, Kud\u00fcs M\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc Hac\u0131 Emin el-H\u00fcseyni \u00fcstlendi. Kud\u00fcs M\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc \u0130ngilizlerin \u00e7ekildi\u011fi tarihe kadar 27 y\u0131l Kud\u00fcs davas\u0131n\u0131n en y\u0131lmaz savunucusu oldu. 14 Mart 1948’de \u0130ngilizler b\u00f6lgeden \u00e7ekildi\u011finde, buraya getirilen Yahudiler \u0130srail devletini ilan ettiler.<\/p>\n
1948’de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topra\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde kurulan \u0130srail, b\u00f6lgedeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli politikalar takip etmektedir. Filistin halk\u0131na yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcmler, i\u015fkenceler, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n topraklar\u0131ndan zorla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmalar\u0131 gibi uygulamalarla ve yeni i\u015fgallerle kamuoyunun tepkisini \u00e7eken \u0130srail, devlet olarak kendisini geri plana \u00e7ekip \u00fczerine bir sorumluluk almadan hedefine ula\u015fmaya y\u00f6nelik politikalar g\u00fctmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc politika, arkeolojik kaz\u0131 projeleri olmu\u015ftur. Bu kaz\u0131lar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde asl\u0131nda \u0130slam miras\u0131n\u0131 Filistin topraklar\u0131ndan silebilmek i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi bu politikan\u0131n ne kadar sinsi ve tehlikeli bir y\u00f6ntem oldu\u011fu, Kud\u00fcs’\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha net anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bilakis, Kud\u00fcs’\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar nazar\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ve y\u00fcksek bir yeri vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc burada en ba\u015fta M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ilk k\u0131blesi Mescid-i Aksa bulunmaktad\u0131r. Mescid-i Aksa Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’de a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en iki mescitten biridir. Di\u011feri de, i\u00e7inde Kabe’nin bulundu\u011fu Mescid-i Haram’d\u0131r. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.v.) ve ilk M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, \u0130slam’\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda 17 ay boyunca namazlar\u0131n\u0131 Kud\u00fcs’teki Mescid-i Aksa’ya d\u00f6nerek eda etmi\u015flerdi. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Hz. Peygamber’in Mescid-i Haram’dan ba\u015flayan gece yolculu\u011fu (\u0130sra) Mescid-i Aksa’da noktalanm\u0131\u015f, buradan da miraca yolculu\u011fu ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hz. Ali (r.a.) \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: ?Mekanlar\u0131n efendisi Kud\u00fcs, kayalar\u0131n efendisi de Kud\u00fcs’teki kayad\u0131r.?<\/p>\n
\u0130slam Mescid-i Aksa \u00fczerine kutsall\u0131k, keramet ve heybet \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6rtm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.v.) Mescid-i Aksa’da k\u0131l\u0131nan bir namaz\u0131n Mescid-i Haram ve Mescid-i Nebevi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki mescitlerde k\u0131l\u0131nan namazdan 500 kat daha fazla sevap oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015ftir. Yine \u0130slam f\u0131kh\u0131nda ifade edildi\u011fine g\u00f6re hac veya umre i\u00e7in Kud\u00fcs’ten ihrama girmek m\u00fcstehapt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir hadiste \u015f\u00f6yle buyrulmu\u015ftur: ?Her kim hac ya da umre i\u00e7in Mescid-i Aksa’da ihrama girerse ge\u00e7mi\u015f g\u00fcnahlar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131r.? Ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u00fczy\u0131llardaki Hacc yolculuklar\u0131 ile ilgili yaz\u0131lar\u0131 okudu\u011funuzda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerindeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman’\u0131n Kabe’ye d\u00fczenledikleri seferlerinde mutlaka Kud\u00fcs’e de u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz.<\/p>\n
M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u0130slam g\u00fcne\u015finin do\u011fu\u015fundan beri Kud\u00fcs’e de\u011fer verip sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir. Filistin’e ve Mescid-i Aksa’ya eskiden beri \u00f6nem verdiklerinin bir g\u00f6stergesi de tarihte y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca buralarla ilgili k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck her \u015feyden s\u00f6z etmi\u015f olmalar\u0131, buralar hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 analizler yap\u0131p bu kutsal yerleri ebedile\u015ftirircesine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta kitaplar yazm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Hz. \u00d6mer (r.a.) d\u00f6neminde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n denetimine ge\u00e7en Kud\u00fcs’te ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne bir\u00e7ok \u0130slam alimi yeti\u015fmi\u015ftir. Kud\u00fcs’te M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in kutsal say\u0131lan \u015feyler aras\u0131nda Mirac Kubbesi, Hz. Peygamber’in Mihrab\u0131, Burak Duvar\u0131 ve Hicri 14, Miladi 635 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Hz. \u00d6mer Camii (Kubbet\u00fc’s-Sahra) vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Kud\u00fcs’te bir\u00e7ok sahabinin mezar\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kud\u00fcs’teki Harem-i \u015eerif’in S\u00fcleyman Mabedi’nin merkezi oldu\u011funu iddia eden Yahudiler, uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r buray\u0131 y\u0131kmak ve tahrip etmek i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok desiselere ba\u015fvurmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle son g\u00fcnlerde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcndeminden d\u00fc\u015fmeyen, Harem-i \u015eerif’in i\u00e7inde bulunan Mescid-i Aksa’n\u0131n alt\u0131nda kaz\u0131lan t\u00fcneller gelmektedir. \u0130srail’in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu t\u00fcneller Aksa’ya ciddi manada zarar vermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130srail’in A\u011flama Duvar\u0131’n\u0131n alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmek i\u00e7in y\u0131kma karar\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Harem-i \u015eerif’e giden Ma\u011frib Kap\u0131s\u0131’ndaki tarihi yol ve o yol \u00fczerindeki iki mescit de bug\u00fcn y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n e\u015fi\u011findedir.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 Bat\u0131l\u0131 yazarlar ?uzak? manas\u0131na gelen ?aksa? s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden hareketle Mescid-i Aksa’n\u0131n Kud\u00fcs’teki mescit olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek yeni neslin buras\u0131 ile ilgili bilgilerini sapt\u0131rmak istemektedirler. \u00d6te yandan, bas\u0131n-yay\u0131n organlar\u0131ndan alt\u0131n kaplamal\u0131 Hz. \u00d6mer Mescidi’nin, Mescid-i Aksa olarak g\u00f6sterilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 da M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n dikkatle \u00fczerinde durmas\u0131 gereken konulardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Kud\u00fcs’\u00fcn demografik ve mimari yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 iki as\u0131rd\u0131r alt\u00fcst eden ve Mescid-i Aksa’y\u0131 y\u0131kmay\u0131 hedefleyen \u0130srail’in acilen durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in giri\u015fimlerde bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mescid-i Aksa’daki t\u00fcnel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in geni\u015f sivil toplum hareketleri ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130srail’in Filistin ve Kud\u00fcs’t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Yahudilik, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k ve \u0130slam taraf\u0131ndan kutsal say\u0131lan Kud\u00fcs, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ilahi dinlerden vecihler ta\u015f\u0131r. Kud\u00fcs, Davud (a.s.) d\u00f6neminde ba\u015fkent ilan […]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,11],"tags":[14],"class_list":["post-16","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hariciyye","category-yazilar","tag-kudus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16\/revisions\/18"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}