2009 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki k\u00fcresel finansal kriz, sadece d\u00fcnyadaki ekonomik ve mali durumu etkilemedi ayn\u0131 zamanda siyasi y\u00f6nelimleri a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 \u0130slami gruplar\u0131 da etkiledi.
\n\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok dini cemaati 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fimlere tan\u0131kl\u0131k etti. \u0130hvan-\u0131 M\u00fcslimin ve Cemaati \u0130slami gibi gruplar, d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fanan h\u0131zl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim ve \u00f6rg\u00fctsel krizden dolay\u0131 duraklama d\u00f6nemi ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u015eiddete bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f dini \u00f6rg\u00fctler ise \u00f6z ele\u015ftirilerini aral\u0131ks\u0131z s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Tasavvufi gruplar ise, devletlerin el alt\u0131nda kendilerine tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 imk\u00e2nlar ile kurduklar\u0131 sitelerde en m\u00fcreffeh d\u00f6nemlerinin keyfini \u00e7at\u0131p holding \u00fczerine holding in\u015fa ediyor.<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi bu giri\u015f sonras\u0131 2009 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki \u0130slami Cemaatlerin serencam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir ufuk turuna \u00e7\u0131kabiliriz;<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l \u0130slami hareketler iki \u00f6nemli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti. Bunlardan ilki L\u00fcbnanl\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc davet\u00e7i Fethi Yeken. 13 Haziran 2009\u2019da hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden Yeken, \u0130slami hareketlerin sorunlar\u0131 \u00fczerine kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplar\u0131 ile biliniyordu. \u0130kincisi ise Pakistan Cemaati \u0130slami liderleri Mian Tufeyl Muhammed. 94 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Mian Tufeyl 25 Haziran 2009\u2019da vefat etti. Cemaatin kurucusu Ebul Ala Mevdudi\u2019den sonra cemaatin liderli\u011fini yapan Mian Tufeyl, cemaatin \u00f6nemli siyasi ve davet\u00e7i liderlerinden biriydi.<\/p>\n
Yine ge\u00e7en y\u0131lda \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6nemli cemaatinin (Pakistan Cemaati \u0130slami, M\u0131s\u0131r \u0130hvan-\u0131 M\u00fcslimin ve L\u00fcbnan Cemaati \u0130slami) lideri de\u011fi\u015fti. Pakistan\u2019da Cemaati \u0130slami lideri Gazi H\u00fcseyin Ahmed 5. kez cemaatin sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenmeyi kabul etmeyince, yap\u0131lan se\u00e7im sonras\u0131 yerine M\u00fcnevver Hasan se\u00e7ildi. Hasan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Liyakat Belo\u00e7 ve Siracu\u2019l Hak da ba\u015fkan adaylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda idi. M\u00fcnevver Hasan, kurucu lider Mevdudi\u2019den sonra cemaatin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00f6nemli lideri olarak biliniyordu.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk kez \u00f6lmeden lider de\u011fi\u015fti<\/p>\n
2009 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru M\u0131s\u0131r \u0130hvan-\u0131 M\u00fcslimin (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler) lideri Muhammed Mehdi Akif\u2019in istifa etti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bu istifa haberi 81 ya\u015f\u0131na basan cemaatin y\u0131llar sonra kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli sorunlardan birine i\u015faret ediyordu. Cemaatin vefat eden \u0130r\u015fad B\u00fcrosu\u2019nun en k\u0131demli \u00fcyesi Muhammed Hilal\u2019in yerine siyasi b\u00f6l\u00fcm sorumlusu \u0130sam el Aryan\u2019\u0131n Mehdi Akif taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nerilmesi, cemaat i\u00e7inde m\u00fcnazaralara neden oldu. Aryan\u2019\u0131n \u00fcyeli\u011fi kabul edilmeyince Akif istifa etti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Cemaat tarihinde ilk kez bir lider vefat etmeden liderli\u011fi b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f oluyordu. Cemaatin daha \u00f6nceki liderlerinin vefatlar\u0131 ile birlikte yerlerine yeni bir m\u00fcr\u015fid se\u00e7iliyordu. Mehdi Akif\u2019in istifas\u0131 sonras\u0131 cemaat i\u00e7inde uzun s\u00fcren m\u00fcnazaralar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u015furan\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar ile Muhammed Bedii liderli\u011fe se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, L\u00fcbnan\u2019daki Cemaati \u0130slami i\u00e7inde de se\u00e7imler oldu. Uzun zamand\u0131r hasta olan ve cemaatin sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenemeyen \u015eeyh Faysal Mevlevi\u2019nin yerine \u0130brahim el M\u0131sri \u015fura meclisinin karar\u0131 ile genel ba\u015fkan olarak se\u00e7ildi. Muhammed Ammar M\u0131sri\u2019nin yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve Azzam el Eyyubi ise siyasi b\u00fcro ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak tayin edildi.<\/p>\n
Lider se\u00e7imlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra cemaatler i\u00e7indeki kavgalar da ge\u00e7en y\u0131la damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurdu. \u00dcrd\u00fcn \u0130hvan\u0131 i\u00e7indeki \u015fahinler ve g\u00fcvercinler kanad\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Hamas tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 cemaati b\u00f6lme noktas\u0131na getirdi. \u015eahinler, Hamas\u2019\u0131n t\u00fcm y\u00f6n\u00fcyle m\u00fcdafaa edilmesi gerekti\u011fini savunurken, g\u00fcvercinler de \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli say\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyordu.<\/p>\n
Cezayir \u0130hvan\u0131 i\u00e7inde de benzeri sorunlar ya\u015fand\u0131. Abu Cerrat Sultani liderli\u011findeki Bar\u0131\u015f Toplumu Hareketi (Hamas) ile bu hareketten kopan Sultani\u2019nin eski yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve \u201cDavet ve De\u011fi\u015fim Hareketi\u201d lideri Abdulmecid Munas\u0131ra aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan sert tart\u0131\u015fmalar, Cezayir\u2019de g\u00fcndemi sarst\u0131. Hatta sorun \u00f6yle bir a\u015famaya vard\u0131 ki, \u0130hvan lideri Muhammed Mehdi Akif, Cezayir\u2019deki iki grubun da \u0130hvan\u0131 temsil etmedi\u011fini ilan etti. Mehdi Akif taraf\u0131ndan her iki gruba g\u00f6nderilen mektupta : \u201cSizler \u0130hvan-\u0131 M\u00fcslimini \u015fimdilik temsil etmiyorsunuz\u201d denildi.<\/p>\n
Sudan\u2019da da \u00f6zele\u015ftiri g\u00fcndemi belirledi<\/p>\n
Nisan 2010\u2019da devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve parlamento se\u00e7imlerine birlikte haz\u0131rlanan Sudan\u2019da da 2009 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ciddi \u00f6z ele\u015ftiri sesleri y\u00fckseldi. \u201cSudan \u0130slami Hareketi\u2019nin \u00d6z Ele\u015ftirileri\u201d ad\u0131yla yay\u0131mlanan bir kitapta, Sudanl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve ayd\u0131n bu konuda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini dile getirdi. Kitapta, 1989 darbesiyle iktidara gelen \u0130slamc\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00f6netim tecr\u00fcbeleri ve kavgalar\u0131n\u0131n halk \u00fczerindeki etkileri incelendi. Kitapta ayr\u0131ca, \u0130slam devletinde \u0130slami hareketlerinin rol\u00fcn\u00fcn nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi de tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyaca tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f dini cemaatlerde bu sorunlar ya\u015fan\u0131rken, 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerde de bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fand\u0131. El Kaide ve benzeri \u00f6rg\u00fct liderlerinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe i\u015faret edildi. \u00d6rg\u00fct liderlerinin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, \u00f6rg\u00fct ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015f farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki gruplar\u0131n ittifaktan \u00e7ekilmeleri ve \u015fiddete bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f gruplar\u0131n \u00f6zele\u015ftirilerini devam ettirmelerinin cihadi \u00f6rg\u00fctlere kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade ediliyor. Ayr\u0131ca uzmanlar, 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n 8. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn zay\u0131f ge\u00e7mesinin ve bas\u0131nda konuya fazla yer verilmemesini de bunun kan\u0131t\u0131 olarak g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin Libya\u2019daki \u201c\u0130slami Direni\u015f Cemaati\u201d silah\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme s\u00fcrecinde olduklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Cemaat taraf\u0131ndan \u201cCihad, Hisbe ve Hakimiyet Kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczeltici Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u201d ad\u0131yla yay\u0131mlanan kitap\u00e7\u0131kta ge\u00e7mi\u015fte i\u015flenen hatalara yer verildi. Yine benzeri bir karar\u0131 Cezayir\u2019deki \u201cDavet ve M\u00fccadele i\u00e7in Selefi Cemaat\u201d verdi. Arap yar\u0131madas\u0131ndaki el Kaide de, Suudi Arabistan\u2019daki merkezi liderli\u011fini Yemen\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Fakat 2009 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda Yemen ordusunun sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00e7ok ciddi darbeler ald\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da hapishanede bulunan \u0130slami Cihad ve Cemaati \u0130slami liderlerinin de, y\u0131llar \u00f6nce ba\u015flatt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6zele\u015ftiri 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda daha da artt\u0131. Cihat\u00e7\u0131 gruplar\u0131n \u201cmandelas\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan Abbud ez-Z\u00fcmmer\u2019in M\u0131s\u0131r e\u015f-\u015euruk gazetesinde yay\u0131mlanan vasiyeti bunun en son \u00f6rneklerinden biriydi.<\/p>\n
Orta Asya\u2019da ise dini cemaatlere y\u00f6nelik bask\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn art\u0131yor. Uluslararas\u0131 Kriz Grubu\u2019nun 15 Aral\u0131k 2009 yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cCentral Asia: Islamists in Prison \/ Orta Asya: \u0130slamc\u0131lar Hapishanede\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 rapor, b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinin geli\u015fi g\u00fczel dindar kesime y\u00f6nelik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131 politikalar\u0131 ele\u015ftirildi. Raporda \u00d6zbekistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, T\u00fcrkmenistan, Tacikistan ve Kazakistan y\u00f6netimlerinin silahl\u0131 \u0130slami gruplar ile bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 ve siyasi yollar\u0131 benimseyenler aras\u0131nda ay\u0131r\u0131m yapmas\u0131 istendi. Raporda ayr\u0131ca, Orta Asya \u00fclkelerinde siyasi nedenlerle tutuklanm\u0131\u015f y\u00fczlerce \u0130slamc\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
Avrupa\u2019daki dini gruplar bir yandan aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken \u00f6te yandan bat\u0131daki \u201c\u0130slamofobia\u201d ile m\u00fccadelenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Avrupa\u2019daki dini gruplar aras\u0131nda en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konular\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00fcnl\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr Tar\u0131k Ramazan\u2019\u0131n \u201cAvrupa \u0130slam\u2019\u0131\u201d projesi geliyor.<\/p>\n
H\u00e2s\u0131l\u0131kel\u00e2m, dini cemaatlerin d\u00fcnya genelinde gark olduklar\u0131 sorunlar kendisini her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle g\u00f6steriyor. Bug\u00fcn \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki dini cemaatlerde ya\u015fanan \u00f6rg\u00fctsel kriz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki cemaatler aras\u0131nda fazla hissedilmiyorsa da, AK Parti iktidar\u0131 sonras\u0131 e\u011fer bir \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmaz ise daha feci sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n burada tezah\u00fcr edece\u011fi g\u00fcn gibi ortada. O halde dini gruplar, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyevi \u00e7irkefliklerden ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yeni muas\u0131r bir cemaat hamlesini gecikmeden ba\u015flatmal\u0131d\u0131rlar\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"2009 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki k\u00fcresel finansal kriz, sadece d\u00fcnyadaki ekonomik ve mali durumu etkilemedi ayn\u0131 zamanda siyasi y\u00f6nelimleri a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 \u0130slami gruplar\u0131 da […]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":114,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fikriyyat","category-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":115,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113\/revisions\/115"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turankislakci.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}